Steam-turbine.



nufsaagao.' Patented nec. 5, |899.

J. H. K. MCCLLUM.

STEAM TURBINE.

(Application filed Sept. 17, 1898.)

(No Model.)

.ul IHM* @M0/1g SW mi Nonms Farms w.. Puo'roumm WASHINGTON. o. c.

. niTn-n STATES PATENT Tirion,

STEAM-TURBINE.

snoI'FIcA'rIoN forming part of Letters Patent No. 638,260, datedDecember 5, 1899;

Application iiled September 171898. Serial No. 691,209. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: I

Beit known that I, JAMES HARRY KEIGHLY MCCOLLUM, electrician, of thecity of Toronto, in the county of York, in the Province of Ontario,Canada, have in vented certain new and useful Improvements inSteam-Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in steam-turbines, and moreparticularly toY those of the Parsons type; and the object of theinvention is to design a simple and effectual arrangement forintroducing the steam into the diderent cylinders whereby the engine maybe effectively reversed at the same speed when required; and itconsists, essentially, of separating the three cylinders and providingends for the saine, the steam-inlet pipes being arranged on one side, soas to introduce the steam into each cylinder at the front end andexhaust at the rear end and at the other side to introduce the steaminto the rear end first and exhaust at the front end into the nextsucceeding cylinder `and ending at the low-pressure one, the parts beingconstructed and arranged in detail as hereinafter more particularlyexplained.

The drawing represents a sectional plan, showing my improved engine.

A is the high-pressure cylinder, B is the intermediate cylinder, and Cis the low-pressure cylinder, which, as will be noticed, are all ofincreasing diameters, starting at `the high-pressure cylinder. Thecylinders A, B, and C are provided with suitable heads a 0;',

' b b, and c c.

D is the main shaft, which extends through the three cylinders and isprovided with suitable packing and bearings. The shaft in the cylindersis provided with drums A', B', and C,as indicated by dotted lines, andobliquelyset wings a2, b2, and c2, secured to such dru ms. To the insideof the cylinders are secured alternately with the Wings the`directing-vanes a3, b3, and ci?, respectively. The vvanes and wings arearranged identically to that of the Parsons engine.

E is the main inlet steam-pipe, and E is a branch pipe leading from theport e of the valve-chest F to the port e at the front end of thecylinder A.

E2 is a pipe leading from the port e2 at the rear end of the cylinder Ato a port e3 at the front end of the cylinder B;

E3 is a pipe leading from a port c4 at the rear end of the cylinder B toa port c5 at the front end of the cylinder C.

e6 is a iinal exhaust-port, and E4 is the pipe leading therefrom at therear end of the cylinder C.

fis a port in the valve-chest F at the opposite side to' that of theport e.

F is a pipe leading from the port f to the port f at the rear end ofthecylinder A.

F2 is a pipe leading from the port f2 at the front end ofthe cylinder tothe port f3 at the rear end of the cylinder B.

- F3 is a pipe leading from the port f4 at the front end of the cylinderB to the port f5 at the rear end of the cylinder C.

f6 is the final exhaust-port on this side, from which leads theexhaust-pipe F4.

It will be noticed that on each side of the cylinders, which areseparated, as shown, the exhaust-pipe from one cylinder is the inletpipeto the next succeedingeXpansion-cylinder and that the ports are largerat the exit than at the entrance, as usual, but the eX- haust-port atthe exit end of the steam-pipe is equal to the inlet-port of the nextsucceeding cylinder. All the ports at each side are provided withslide-valves or anyother suitable form of valve, those on one side being-designed to be acted simultaneously, so as to throw open all theinlet-ports and 'the exhaust-ports. The same may be said of the otherside.

The valve controlling the ports e e2 c3 e4 e5 e6 I designate 2 8 4 5 67. The valves controlling the ports ff2f3f4f5f on the o pposite side Idesignate 8 9 lO 11 12 13. The valves 2 and 3 I connect together by avalve-rod G, which is connected to a rocking bar I-I, suitably pivotedon the frame of the machine and operated either by hand or by asteampiston l, as indicated. The valves 4 and 5 are connected by a rodtl,rwhich is connected to the rod G by a lever j, suitably pivoted. Thevalves 6 and 7 are connectedby a rod K, which is connected to the rod Jbythe lever la.

On the opposite side the Valves 8 and 9 are connected together by therod L, which is connected to the rocking bar H at one end and at theother to the lever Z. The valves 10 IOO and 1l are connected together bythe rod N, which is connected at one end to the lever t and at the otherend to the lever fn. The valves 12 and 13 are connected together by therod N', which is connected at one end to the lever n.

O is the throttle-valve, Whichlis connected by the rod o to thesteam-cylinder P, bywhich the throttle-valve is controlled.

Although I have shown all the cylinders on the one shaft, it will ot'course be understood that they might be on different shafts, if desired.

The operation of my invention is as follows: In the drawing thethrottle-valve O is arranged so as to leave the port e-uncovered, andthe rocking arm H is also placed in such a position that all the portse', c2, c3, e4, e5, and e are left uncovered by their respectiveslide-valves. It will therefore be quite clear that the course of thesteam from the steampipe E through the pipes and various cylinders outthrough the exhaust-port will cause the drums in the various cylindersto be rotated in the direction indicated by arrow. To reverse, it isnecessary to tilt the rocking bar on its pivot, soas to throw all thevalves open on the opposite side to that hereinbefore mentioned andclose those that were open on the other side. By manipulating thethrottle-valve O so as to close the port e and open the port f, whichhas previously been closed, the course of the steam is directed throughthe pipes and cylinders on the opposite side, hereinbefore referred to,and as the steam first enters each cylinder at the rear instead of thefront the rotation of the Wings on the drum of each cylinder will ofcourse be, in the opposite direction to that indicated by arrow, andconsequently impart a like rotary movement to the shaft.

In this specification, which describes simply my invention, it will ofcourse be understood that the forms of the pipes, valves, and otherdetails of construction may be varied without departing from the spiritot' my invention.

What I claim as my invention is l. The combination With the high,intermediate and low pressure cylinders provided with stationarydirecting-vanes and the alternately-arranged rotating vanes or wingsattached to the driving-shaft each cylinder being separated and providedwith suitable heads, ot' suitable ports at the frontand rear of eachcylinder of increasing size from the smallest to the largest, suitablevalves for such ports and suitable pipes at one side of increasingv sizefrom the smallest to the largest connecting the ports, such pipes beingconnected from the rear end of one cylinder to the front end of the nextsucceeding cylinder and having the iin al exhaust at the rear end of thelast cylinder and suitable pipes at the opposite side of increasing sizefrom the high-pressure to the low-pressure cylinder and having theinlet-pipe leading into the rear of the cylinder and the outlet orexhaust at the front of the cylinder or vice versa to the pipes at theopposite side and a suitable throttle-valve for admitting the steam intothe high-pressure cylinder from either steampipe as and for the purposespecified.

' 2. The combination With the high, intermediate and low pressurecylinders provided with stationary directing-vanes and thealternately-arranged rotating vanes or Wings attached to thedriving-shaft each cylinder being separated and provided with suitableheads, of suitable ports at the front and rear of each cylinder ofincreasing size from the smallest to the largest, suitable valves forlsuch ports and suitable pipes at one side of increasing size from thesmallest to the largest connecting the ports, such pipes being connectedfrom the rear end of one cylinder to the front end of the nextsucceeding cylinder and having the final exhaustat the rear end of thelast cylinder and suitable pipes at the opposite side of increasing sizefrom the high-pressure to the low-pressure cylinder and having theinlet-pipe leading into the rear of the cylinder and the outlet orexhaust at the front of the cylinder or v'ice versa to the pipes at theopposite side, a suitable throttle-valve for admitting the steam intothe high-pressure cylinder trom either steampipe and means whereby whenthe one set of valves is closed on one sidethe opposite set ot' valveson the other side of the cylinders is simultaneously opened as and forthe purpose specified.

JAMES HARRY KEIGHLY MCCOLLUBL Vitnesses:

B. BOYD, A. A. McADAM.

IOO

